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STI’s are major health problems and their control is the cornerstone for improving reproductive health and reducing HIV infections.
What is STI’s
STI’s stands for Sexually Transmitted Infections, are group of
group of infectious diseases that spread from one person to the other mostly through sex.
Over twenty(20) different organisms can be transmitted through sexual intercourse
STI’s are cause by various terms like; Bacteria, protozoa, viruses and fungi.
Some Common STI’s are;
Gonorrhea
AIDs
Chlamydia
Genital Herpes
Syphilis(Genital ulcer)
Candidiasis
Trichononiasis
WHO IS AT RISK OF GETTING STI’s
Anybody who is sexually active can get STI’s.
SIGNS AND SYMPTONS OF STI’s
The presence of STI’s may lead to change in your body. These changes may show as;
1. Discharge from the penis or vagina
In men, a white or creamy discharge from penis may be a sign of Gonorrhea or other STI’s. Normally, there is no discharge from the penis. In women, from puberty onwards, there is some amount of discharge to be found in the vagina. This usually varies with the stage in the menstrual cycle and so, any deviation of the discharge in the amount, colour, smell and consistency with or without irritation may be an indication of an infection. In both sexes, burning or pain with urination may be due to STI or bladder infection.
2. Growth or lump
Growth, lumps or other skin changes may be due to warts or syphilis.
3. Itching in and around sex organs
In men and women, itching in and around the sex organ may be due to herpes, scabies, pubic lice or fungal infection. In women itching may be also caused by vaginitis or herpes.
4. Sores on or around the sex organs
Sores around the sex organ may be due to herps, syphilis or chancroid. The sores may be painful or itchy or may cause no pain at all.
5. Lower abdominal pain
In women, lower abdominal pain can mean pelvic inflammatory diseases(PID), complicated or gonorrhea.
6. No symptoms at all
Early symptoms of STI’s are usually noticeable in men but women often show no symptoms. Frequently, a woman’s first clue that she may have STI’s is learning that her sex partner has one or more symptoms. However the disease stay until treated.
7. Neonatal conjunctivitis
The pregnant woman may not know she is having an infection. The first sign may been after delivery.
YOU HAVE TO GET EARLY TREATMENT BECAUSE
1. Treatment is confidential so do not allow fear and shame keep you from seeking medical attention.
2. Report to your health provider(doctor) as soon as you see any symptoms.
3. Do not attempt to treat STI’s yourself. It will not help but only make your condition worse.
4. Take all medicines prescribe for you. Only a full course of prescribed treatment can cure STI’s.
5. Tell your partner to get treatment otherwise he or she may spread the disease or re infect you.
6. follow up after taking all your drugs.
It is necessary to see the doctor again to learn if you are cured. The health provider(doctor) will advice you on how to protect yourself.
HOW TO PREVENT STI’s / CURE
1. Limit the number of sexual partners. If possible, choose one known uninfected partner.
2. Avoid sex with somebody you know just briefly.
3. Get early treatment to reduce transmission to others
4. For injection drug users, avoid sharing needles and syringes
5. Avoid only body piercing which involves the user of shared instruments and do not share sharp instrument.
6. Adopt the use of ABCD thus;
A – Abstain
B – Be faithful
C – Condom
D – Defer until marriage
COMPLICATIONS OF STI
1. Problems with passing urine
2. Blocked tube
3. Stricture
4. Blindness
5. Infertility
6. Abortion
7. Still birth
8. Menstrual problems
9. Ectopic pregnancy
10. Pelvic inflammatory disease
11. Mental retardation for babies
12. Congenital abnormalities at birth
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